{"product_id":"9781459420571","title":"Toronto: The First 13,000 Years","description":"\u003cp\u003eTelling Toronto's story from the final retreat of the Laurentide Ice Sheet to today's metropolis, a team of historians brings together beautiful illustrations and fresh perspectives in this short history.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003ePeter Carruthers introduces Toronto as a middle ground: geographically a meeting point between Canada's vast natural resource wilderness, and the sprawling continental Midwest. Since prehistory the city’s site has been a place of meditation and exchange between different cultures and peoples.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eRobert MacDonald takes us back 12,500 years with an exploration of the geological and ecological history of the area's ancient landscape.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eRonald F. Williamson presents the archaeological record of the lives of the Indigenous peoples who made seasonal camps and villages along the river valleys and lakeshore.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eCarl Benn describes the colonial transformation of York during the 1700s, and its growth into the most important urban, institutional, cultural and commercial centre in Upper Canada during the early 19th century.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eChristopher Andreae presents the city’s age of industry, a century of technological and industrial growth that laid the foundations for today’s city.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eRoger Hall brings Toronto into the twenty-first century, analyzing the forces that transformed Toronto into a vigorous, multicultural metropolitan centre that continues to re-invent itself.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eUpdated with new research, particularly honouring and reflecting Indigenous perspectives, this new edition provides an engaging multi-layered history of Toronto.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"River Bookshop","offers":[{"title":"James Lorimer \u0026amp; Company Ltd., Publishers |  Paperback \/ softback | Trade paperback (US) |  2026-09-01","offer_id":50662133334271,"sku":"9781459420571","price":29.95,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0329\/9075\/7001\/files\/BNCImageAPI_2531153d-b5c1-4147-84f1-7b708052960c.jpg?v=1791996498","url":"https:\/\/riverbookshop.com\/products\/9781459420571","provider":"River Bookshop","version":"1.0","type":"link"}